Cooling and condensing apparatus.



No. 837,499. PATENTED DEC. 4, 1906. L. P. PERKINS & J. G. A. KITCHEN. COOLING AND OONDBNSING APPARATUS.

APPLIUATION FILED MAYQ. 1906.

6Q fi/PM'M WITNESSES I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUDLOW PATTON KINS AND JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK xncunu,

OF A ST ENGLAND.

COOLING ANDCOND EhISING PPARATU Patented Dec. 4, 1906.

. Application filed May 9, 1906. Serial No. 316.882.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we,-LU1)Low, PATToN PERrnNs and JonN GEORGE AULsEnnooK KITCHEN, subjectsof the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residents of Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and Kingdom. of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooling and Condensing Apparatus, of which the following is a sgecificatio'n.

ur invention relates to apparatus for cooling and condensing fluids, particularly water and steam, and has for its chief object to provide aneflicient cooler or condenser of the hermetically-sealed-tube type conveniently applicable to vehicles propelled by internal-combustion motors or by steam-motors. In said type -of cooler or condenser one end of a sealed tube containing a certain proportion of a liquid which can be evaporated at a suitable temperature is immersed in the fluid to be cooled or condensed, and the larger part of such tube is exposed to the cooling efiect of the atmosphere or of an artificial draft, whereby the evaporated liquid is condensed again. Hitherto coolers or condensers constructed on this principle have been made with plain tubes of the same diameter throughout, which necessitated the external exposed parts of said tubes being made very long in order quickly to cool and recondense the evaporated liquid contained therein. Thisrenderedthis kind of apparatus inapplicable to motor-vehicles and the like. Our improvements consist in forming said tubes'with a larger heat-conducting surface for each unit of length on the external exposed parts than on the immersed parts, so that the external length of the tubes is com paratively short, whereby as eflicient and convenient an apparatus can be produced as any other known kind, which at the same time is not liable to become leaky through vibration or differences in the expansion of its parts.

On the drawings appended hereto one form of construction of the improved cooling and condensing apparatus is represented as an example showing how our invention may be carried out.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the apparatus along line a: a; of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a top view of the same; Fig. 3, one of the tubes, partly in section, on an enlarged scale.

The apparatus re resented consists-of a closed vessel or cham er 1, which may be oblong, as shown, or of any other suitable shape and is provided with an inlet-orifice 2 at one end and an outlet-orifice 3 at the other end for the fluid to-be cooled :or condensed. In the case of a cooler for the water circulating through the jackets of the cylinders of internal-combustion motors the water Would be drawn or forced through the chamber 1 by a pump or where the apparatus can be arranged at a suitable level may circulate by its gravity. The upper surface of the chamber is pierced with a number of tapped holes arranged in rows, into which tubes 4, provided with screw-threaded and flanged collars 5, are screwed, the collars being in such a position that the lower ends of the tubes reach near to the bottom of the chamber 1. Each of these tubes is hermetically sealed at both ends by means of plugs 6 and 7 after a quantity of a liquid which evaporates at or below the temperature to which the fluid passing through the apparatus is to be reduced-401 instance, spirit in the case of water-coolershas been poured into the tube so as to fill that part which is in the chamber 1 and after the air contained in the tube has been expelled by heating the liquid to its boiling tem erature.

T e part of the tube outside the chamber 1 is made with a larger heat conducting 'or radiating surface for each unit of len th than the part inside the chamber. T is may be done by simply enlarging the diameter of the outer part of the tube, but is more eiiiciently done by fitting the art of the tube 4 protruding from the cham er 1 with heat conveying or radiating gills or their equivalents. Preferably we use olygonal wire coils formed and applied as dhscnbed in the specification filed with our application for Letters Patent on the 12th of February, 1904, and serially numbered 19,276, as shown at 8 on the u or part of Fig. 3 and indicated on Fig. 1. he tubes are pitched at such a dis tance that there is just clearance between the edges of the wire -coils or their equivalents, and the tubes are arranged in rows in such a manner that the tubes of one row are opposite the spaces between the tubes of the rows immediately in front and behind.

The chamber 1 when used for cooling water circulating through the jackets of internal-combustion engines is provided with a filling-tube 9, fixed in its top and closed by a cap, 10, and with a steam-outlet pipe 11, which is referably fitted with a screwed collar 12 or fixing it in the bottom wall of the chamber 1, and is open at both ends. Preferably the top ends of the tubes are suitably stayed together, unless they are short, and this may be conveniently done by ,fixinga hood 13 of channel section to the chamber 1., which hood passes u each side and over the to of the tubes, an by placing a plate or boar 14, fitting between the sides of the hood and drilled to fit over the ends of the tubes, upon them, which also confines the current of air passing between them 'when used on motor-cars or the like.

In the vessel division-plates may be provided in such a manner that the water will be compelled to traverse through the tubes in a ser pentineway.

e claim as our invention 1. In ap aratus for cooling and condensing fluids tlie combination of a closed chamber, an inlet at one end of the same and an outlet at the other end for the fluid, a plurality'of hermetically-sealed tubes fixed to said chamber so as to be partly inside and the fluid is to be cooled, which tubes are immersed into said liquid with their lower parts and provided with heat-conducting devices on their upper parts.

3. In ap aratus for cooling and condensing fluids t e combination of a closed vessel provided with an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end, a number of tubes closed at each end, screw-threaded collars on said tubes at's'ome distance from their lower end and screwed into ta ped holes in the top of said vessel, a liquid fluid is to be cooled contained in the lower part of said tubes, and heat-conductors fitted to the outside parts of said tubes.

4. An a paratus for cooling fluids consisting of t e combination of a closed vessel provided with an inlet and outlet, a number of tubes fixed in rows in the top of said vessel so as to extend near to the bottom thereof, a polygonal coil of wire the corners of which form multiple helixes surrounding the parts of said tubes projecting from the vessel, a liquid the evaporating temperature of which is below the temperature to which the fluid is to be cooled contained in the lower part of each tube, a tube adapted for filling said vessel, a tube adapted to allow steam to escape from the vessel, and a hood surrounding the'outer sides and tops of the rows of tubes.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two witnesses.

LUDLOW PATTON PERKINS. JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN.

Witnesses:

JAs. H. SHEPHERD, W. W. BEW.

boiling at a lower temperature than that to which the 

